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为何某人特别招蚊子？新研究给出科学解释_我的网站

A |     众所周知，蚊子通过一系列感官线索来追踪人类目标，这些感官线索包括体温、呼出的二氧化碳和体味。

B | 该领域的研究最近产生了一些有趣的见解，该论文展示了病毒如何改变皮肤微生物组以改变人的气味，从而引诱蚊子。    Citing concerns about the effects of climate change, the International Olympic Committee said Friday it wants to pick two Winter Olympic host cities in July — putting Salt Lake City quickly into play for the 2034 edition.IOC president Thomas Bach said the Olympic body aims to confirm hosts for both the 2030 and 2034 Winter Games at its meeting on the eve of next year's Paris Olympics.Sweden, Switzerland and France have been working on possible bids for the 2030 edition and Salt Lake City officials have long targeted 2034. That would avoid the United States hosting back-to-back Olympics after the 2028 Los Angeles Summer Games.Picking Salt Lake City a decade in advance would give the IOC a trusted partner amid changing weather patterns and also could keep together people who have worked toward bringing the Olympics back the city that hosted the 2002 Games.The double award proposal by the IOC executive board still needs approval by the full membership at the Olympic body's annual meeting, which opens Sunday in Mumbai, India. That should be a formality.The IOC has declining options for Winter Games hosts. Bach noted that only 15 countries on three continents currently meet the criteria of having at least 80% of existing venues for snow sports and a “climate-reliable” outlook to host events in future decades.“We need to address very quickly this dramatic impact of climate change on winter sport,” Bach said in Mumbai. “By 2040, there remain practically just 10 NOCs who could host these snow events.”A likely longer-term project for the IOC is deciding on a rotation policy of a small pool of regular Winter Games hosts.The next deadline for the 2030 and 2034 Olympics will come Nov. 28-Dec. 1 at a board meeting in Paris. A single preferred candidate for each is expected to be chosen and then would enter into exclusive negotiations with the IOC.That is the new process for selecting Olympic host cities and regions, avoiding the once-traditional campaigns and votes which were at risk of vote-buying schemes.The Japanese city of Sapporo, which hosted the 1972 Winter Games, was once favored for the 2030 edition. That bid was officially dropped this week in fallout from criminal investigations and convictions for corruption tied to the Tokyo Olympics in 2021.___AP coverage of the Paris Olympics: https://apnews.com/hub/2024-paris-olympic-games。(Credit: Alex Wild)该研究中使用了埃及伊蚊，它是寨卡和登革热等疾病的主要媒介，被放置在一个有两个管子的房间里，每个管子都包含一个尼龙套管。

C | 最终，这使科学家们能够分析 64 名人类受试者对蚊子的吸引力，从而产生了一些令人信服的结果。在该研究中编号为“Subject 33”的人类受试者比其他人更容易招蚊子，招蚊数量是排名第二的人类受试者四倍，是垫底人员的 100 倍。在该团队的任何一次实验中，蚊子都会蜂拥而至这个样本。该项目的研究者 Maria Elena De Obaldia 表示：“在开始检测的几秒钟内就会很明显。作为一名科学家，这种事情让我非常兴奋。这是真实的东西”。随后进行的化学分析揭示了 50 种分子化合物，这些化合物在更具吸引力的受试者的皮肤中有所增加。特别是一种类型的生产水平比不那么有吸引力的主题高得多。这些被称为羧酸的脂肪物质有助于赋予皮肤一种独特的气味，这种气味似乎很符合嗜血蚊子的喜好。该研究发表在《Cell》杂志上。资料来源：洛克菲勒大学。

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Published on:04:07:33