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US unveils new sanction intended to strangle Iran’s economy as conflict drags on; Tehran vows tough response_我的网站

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A | 　　从实验室的演示样品到工厂里的实操工具，具身智能产业正在经历一场由“手”引发的供应链变局。

Drivers queue at a petrol station to refuel in Tehran, on August 25, 2026. Photo: VCG
As military strikes and diplomatic negotiations have both failed to bring an early end to the roughly six‑month‑old US-Iran conflict, Washington rolled out new sanctions against Tehran on Monday local time intended to further strangle its economy. Iran, for its part, has vowed a tougher pushback.
In a news conference on Monday, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent threatened new sanctions on countries refusing to cut economic ties with Iran, following recent rhetoric from Washington threatening an "economic D-Day" for Iran.
Meanwhile, the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) under the US Treasury announced secondary sanctions on nearly 60 entities, individuals, and vessels in multiple jurisdictions which, according to the US' claims, enable Iran's activities, including so-called nuclear and missile technology procurement, cyber operations, and oil-revenue generation networks.
According to Reuters, those sanctions targeted businesses in China, the UAE, Singapore and several other countries, including a cooking-oil refinery in France, but did not include any of the Chinese financial institutions suspected of facilitating Iran's oil trade.
In response to US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent laying out plans for economic asphyxiation of Iran, expanding Washington's secondary sanction threats and warning of dire consequences for countries that do not join the campaign, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian said at a press briefing on Tuesday that China has made clear on many occasions its firm opposition to illicit unilateral sanctions that have no basis in international law or the authorization of the UN Security Council.
"Economic warfare and maximum pressure provide no solution. On the contrary, they only serve to fuel tensions and lead to risk spillover, which will disrupt the global economic and financial order, and harm the legitimate rights and interests of other countries," the spokesperson said.
The pressing task is to facilitate the deescalation of the situation and return to dialogue and negotiation as soon as possible, Lin said, adding that China will do everything necessary to firmly safeguard its rights and interests, Lin added. Lin also said China's cooperation with Iran is conducted within the framework of international law, thus should not be disrupted.
When asked whether China has received any such timeline, as the US stated it would give countries a timeline on when to shut down the actions that it has identified, and how China intends to respond to the relevant announcements by the US Treasury involving China-based entities and individuals, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian stated on Tuesday that China is closely following the developments, and will do everything necessary to firmly safeguard our rights and interests.
In May this year, China's Ministry of Commerce issued a blocking ban prohibiting any recognition, enforcement or compliance with US sanctions imposed on five Chinese companies on the grounds of their alleged involvement in Iranian petroleum transactions.
Relying on its financial hegemony and long‑arm jurisdiction, the US enforces unilateral sanctions with no basis in international law. Such measures severely undermine fundamental consensus for international trade and erode the existing international order, Zhou Mi, senior research fellow at the Chinese Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation, told the Global Times on Tuesday.
In essence, Washington is imposing its Iran‑focused policies to enterprises across the globe, compelling third‑party actors to fall in line with its diplomatic objectives, Zhou noted.
The latest sanctions would affect a broader range of countries, industries and firms. They will not only draw wider opposition from the international community, but also boomerang on the interests of US‑owned enterprises, he added.
Fewer levers left
"We are launching an economic onslaught against Iran's financial connections around the globe," Bessent claimed at a press conference. "Our objective is to sever every economic lifeline" that sustains the country, he said, according to a Treasury release.
The US Treasury Department said in a release that the new sectoral sanctions determinations target five critical sectors - digital assets, technology, gold, aviation and shipping - that the US claimed Iran has relied on to support its economy.
US Treasury claimed that "any entity that facilitates money laundering or sanctions evasion on behalf of Iran risks being cut off from the US financial system."
OFAC also suspended several general licenses that previously authorized certain remittance payments to Iran and Iranian access to the US cultural and academic system. The office also issued additional guidance on the so-called sanctions risks of bowing to Iranian demands related to shipping in the Strait of Hormuz.
Mohammad Mokhber, an aide to Supreme Leader Mojtaba Khamenei, said in an X post on Monday that Iran's response to US sanctions and pressure will be "more decisive than before."
Iranian Economy Minister Ali Madanizadeh said that Tehran "is and was ready," with a two-year plan to counter Washington's new sanctions. He told state television that "it seems they wished to suffer yet another defeat," per an AFP report.
Iranian Parliament Speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf responded in an X post that "the Americans know no one will believe their nonsense," noting that the US is not in a position economically to restrict its relations with other countries.
Alan Eyre, a distinguished diplomatic fellow at the Middle East Institute, told NBC News that after six months of combat, the US government "has few remaining levers it can use to convince Iran's major trading partners to materially reduce their economic ties."
While Washington's maximum‑pressure campaign may deliver short‑term shocks to Iran's economy, it can hardly "strangle" the country completely, said Liu Zhongmin, a professor at the Middle East Studies Institute of Shanghai International Studies University.
He added that Iran's economic resilience cannot be underestimated. Having borne decades of crippling sanctions from the US and Western nations, Tehran has built substantial experience in sanction‑busting and developed coping mechanisms ranging from basic‑industry self‑reliance and regional trade networks to oil‑for‑goods swaps and non‑US dollar‑denominated trade. Furthermore, the Strait of Hormuz remains a source of strategic leverage for Iran to push back against US pressure.
The expert said that Tehran and Washington are encountering "a battle of wills," and Iran believes the economic costs the US would suffer from a Hormuz blockade would outweigh the damage inflicted on Iran by sanctions.
Washington's "economic strangulation" policy risks ending in failure unless it yields short‑term outcomes, particularly securing the opening of the Strait of Hormuz, Liu added.
Self-created dilemma
As the US ramps up pressure on Iran, Americans are growing averse to a protracted war.
According to a Reuters/Ipsos poll that closed on Monday, US ‌public approval of the war with Iran fell to its lowest level since the conflict's early days, with just 31 percent of Americans supporting US military action.
On June 18, the US and Iran signed an MoU, under which the two were scheduled to hold negotiations within a period of 60 days, which ended on August 17, to reach a final agreement. However, the talks' fate remains unclear following renewed escalation between the two countries.
Iranian political analyst Mostafa Khoshcheschm told Al Jazeera that the new US sanctions intended to create an "economic onslaught" were a "political show" of intimidation.
Liu said that by resorting to an "economic strangulation" tactic after miring itself in a fruitless military quagmire over Iran, the US has laid bare its practical predicament and strategic dilemma, and seemingly running out of cards.
Citing sources, CNN reported earlier this month that the US military has exhausted nearly 80 percent of its interceptors for a key missile defense system as senior US military commanders are warning that the Pentagon's munitions stockpile is "dangerously low."
Faced with depleted ammunition stockpiles and insufficient military‑industrial capacity, and amid growing domestic criticism of its Middle East policy, the White House has opted for tough economic measures against Iran, Liu said. "Less costly than military coercion, such moves help Washington strike a tough posture before voters and shun political risks from further military escalation," said the expert.
There is, however, an increasingly obvious paradox in Washington's economic warfare against Iran: the tighter the sanctions, the tighter global energy supplies become, and the higher costs borne by American consumers and businesses, the expert added.
。当整机厂商还在万台级量产的门槛前徘徊，上游的灵巧手、电子皮肤与核心传感器企业，已经率先触摸到了确定性的订单。　　“去年交付了2000只左右的灵巧手，今年上半年我们已经交付了接近5000只，已经在去年的全年基础上又翻了一倍。”在2026世界机器人大会现场，雷赛智能展台人员透露了这一数据。　　这并非孤例——傲意科技CEO倪华良同样对财联社记者表示，公司近期正在推进三笔大订单，分别为1000台、2000台、3000台，“合计接近五六千台”。　　当整机应用仍在“试点繁荣”与“规模化订单”之间艰难跋涉，上游“卖铲人”的业绩弹性，或许比整机更早释放。

　　半年交付超全年：灵巧手走出实验室　　灵巧手正在以肉眼可见的速度走出实验室，进入真实的工业与商业场景。傲意科技除了近期合计近六千台的三笔大单外，“日常几十台、上百台规模的订单，我们也在持续交付。

B | ”　　客户基数的扩张更为迅猛。倪华良回忆，傲意科技第一年合作客户只有十几家，第二年达到一百多家，“上半年刚刚过去，目前灵巧手相关合作伙伴接近300家”。客户数量的“长尾”正在快速拉长，“去年，能够做到两三百台采购已经算大客户，今年已经出现好几家上千台采购，并且装配到机器人，投入实操场景的客户。”　　这一变化的背后，是下游对“操作能力”的刚需觉醒。

C | 在具身智能的落地链条中，视觉解决了“看见”的问题，但如果没有末端执行器，机器人依然无法完成与物理世界的真实交互。　　倪华良坦言，公司定位“偏向上游核心零部件、模组，比如灵巧手这类上游零部件”，因为灵巧手是机器人当中实现交互非常重要的模组，是机器人和真实世界进行交互非常重要的功能单元。　　但需求的爆发并未让行业轻松跨越量产门槛。雷赛智能指出，灵巧手行业面临“性能、成本和量产”的矛盾三角：高自由度意味着复杂的机械结构与繁多的电机，而机械结构复杂，电机也多的情况下，量产的质量是很难保证的。更隐蔽的痛点在于工艺——从图纸变成真实物体的时候，很多厂家都忽略了工艺路线。以空心杯电机为例，“可能只有百分之四五十的良率，大部分都是浪费掉了”，这些在生产线后端才暴露的报废，直接推高了成本。　　“一九法则”：试点繁荣下的订单真相　　尽管出货量攀升，但产业链下游的真实需求结构，远比表面数字更分化。傲意科技透露，在其近300家合作伙伴中，“90%客户处于概念验证POC阶段；仅10%的客户进入实际采购，而这10%的客户贡献了90%以上的收入”。　　这一“一九法则”揭示了具身智能产业的典型早期特征：试点项目遍地开花，但真正实现规模化采购与持续复购的客户屈指可数。在10%的头部客户中，一部分做到了几百台、上千台的规模，另一部分仍停留在一两百台。倪华良观察，“对比去年和今年，客户的尾巴变长，客户总量变得更多”，头部效应持续集中，“但整体曲线被拉高”。　　这种分化意味着，灵巧手产业正处于从“技术验证”向“工程落地”过渡的关键窗口。雷赛智能拥有100多家生态伙伴，但其中“50多家是深度的使用，有真实场景去应用的”，其余则多用于科研或论文。　　对于机器人整机厂而言，灵巧手只是其成本结构的一部分；但对于上游零部件商而言，每一只手的交付都是实实在在的现金流。　　成本下降是打通这一窗口的核心钥匙。雷赛智能给出了清晰的价格路线图：“今年万元以内，但我们终极目标是不能超过整机的10%-15%。”如果未来机器人整机定位在10万甚至5万以内，“那一双不过就是四五千块钱，那一只可能就是两三千块钱，这还是一个中短期的目标”。长期来看，“可能就跟现在的伺服一样，达到几百块钱的水平”。　　要实现这一目标，核心在于电机。雷赛智能直言，“最大的成本还是来自于电机，只要把电机的成本降下去，可能降成本这个任务就已经完成一半了。”这也解释了为何产业链上游的电机、减速器、编码器、驱动器厂商，正在迎来比整机更确定的订单周期。　　上游"卖铲人"：触觉感知率先受益　　当灵巧手的出货量曲线陡峭向上，比机械本体更早嗅到产业爆发气息的，是电子皮肤与触觉传感器、感知芯片。　　“今年机器人传感器需求增幅很大，灵巧手板块出货量较前两年有'质的变化。”汉威科技研发人员在世界机器人大会现场表示。目前，电子皮肤的应用虽然“从头到脚都可以”，但“目前只是手”。即便如此，单只手部所需传感器的单价已从几百到几千元不等，且“量已经起来了”。

D | 　　而瑞芯微展台的工作人员的话从另一个侧面印证了电子皮肤等产品的需求量变化情况，“过去感知芯片在工业机器人的使用量为15%左右，现在要提高到60-70%。”　　触觉感知之所以成为必争之地，是因为它是机器人从“表演”走向“劳动”的瓶颈。图鉴科技副总裁尹媛指出，“触觉将会极大地拓展具身智能的能力边界”，而触觉缺失会导致机器人没有办法准确的操作物体，还会在人机协同的环境下带来一系列安全隐患。在工业插接、柔性抓取等场景中，纯视觉模型受到外部干扰的时候没法执行及时注意到，而视触融合之后，就会注意到干扰，并且开始试图进行调整。

E | 　　这种技术刚需正在转化为供应链订单。傲意科技展示的电子皮肤可实现32×32点阵感知，能够捕捉0.2牛到2000牛的三维力，包括压力与切向力，能感知力的方向。图鉴科技则推出了覆盖指节正面、侧面、顶部及手掌的全掌触觉方案，并配套了“开心购”数据采集手套，服务于具身智能模型的预训练与后训练。　　倪华良对行业未来发展判断：“机器人行业大发展，除了下游大众能够感知到的人形机器人成果之外，上游零部件不断取得突破、成本持续下降非常关键。”（文章来源：财联社）。