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2025：新加坡将提高养老预算 帮助降低生活成本_我的网站

A |     MOSHCHUN, Ukraine -- In the humble backyard of a destroyed house, a 13-year-old chops firewood to get ready for winter. His mother, Tetiana Yarema, has been preparing for months as she remembers last winter’s Russian strikes on the energy infrastructure that plunged Ukraine into darkness.“Those were dark days. I didn’t want anything. I just wanted to pack my things and go abroad,” said Yarema, 48, who says she ended up staying because of her son’s insistence.For the Yarema family, like millions of other Ukrainians touched by Russia’s war on Ukraine, winter is an especially challenging time. The mother and son live in trailers that were set up in their backyard after fighting in the early days of the war destroyed their house in Moshchun, a village about 25 kilometers (15 miles) northwest of Kyiv.“I have a feeling that when the cold sets in, they’ll start bombing again,” the woman said, echoing the sentiments of many Ukrainians. This time, however, they say they are better prepared.Sales of generators exploded toward the end of summer. Some, who can afford it, have invested in solar panels. Others, like Yarema, have been purchasing candles, batteries, flashlights, and portable lanterns and stocking up on compact gas canisters, making the most of discounted prices.“It’s a bit challenging … but I already know what to do,” she said.Last winter was declared the most challenging in the history of Ukraine’s energy system, with over 1,200 missiles and drones fired by Russians at power plants, according to Ukrainian state-owned grid operator, Ukrenergo. The strikes impacted almost a half of Ukraine’s energy capacity. People were forced to endure hours without electricity and water during the coldest months in what Ukrainian officials described as “energy terror."Millions of people across Ukraine had to learn to work, live, and cover their basic needs without relying on electricity.After a lull of six months, Ukraine's energy system sustained its first attack of the season on Sept. 21, resulting in damage to facilities in the central and western regions, Ukrenergo said.Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy has committed to substantially enhancing air defense systems, which already have demonstrated greater effectiveness than the previous year.“Everyone must play their part in defensive efforts to ensure that Russian aggression does not halt Ukraine this winter. Just as on the battlefield, in all areas, we must be resilient and strong,” Zelenskyy said in a recent address to the nation.Ukrainian Prime Minister Denys Shmyhal recently announced that the United States has allocated $522 million for energy equipment and the protection of Ukraine's infrastructure. “We stand on the threshold of a difficult winter. Thanks to the assistance of our allies, we successfully weathered the last, which was the most challenging winter season in our history,” Shmyhal said.Major retailer Epicenter said sales of generators increased 80% in August compared to the same time last year, and sales of portable charging stations increased by 25 times.Yurii Musienko, 45, another resident of Moshchun, also plans to rely heavily on firewood, and has a wood-burning stove in his compact wooden trailer that has been provided to him for two years, and which sits next to his ruined home. “I’ve already adapted,” he said with a smile. The gates of his home still bear the holes from exploded ammunition that serve as a reminder of when Russian forces tried to seize the Ukrainian capital.“May no one ever have to endure such conditions," said his mother, Valentyna Kiriian, who lives in a separate plastic trailer installed in the same courtyard.She’s dressed in a hat and a coat, with multiple layers of clothing to stay warm. She notes that the cold has already set in, forcing her to sleep fully clothed, much like the previous winter.During the power outages last winter, the mother and son relied on canned food. Occasionally, Valentyna would visit her neighbor, whose house remained intact and had a gas stove for boiling water. “It’s difficult for me to talk about. It pains my soul, and my heart weeps,” she said.Private Ukrainian energy producer DTEK has spent the last seven months restoring its damaged infrastructure and fortifying the protection of its equipment for the approaching winter.The company invested about 20 billion Ukrainian hryvnias ($550 million) to prepare for the upcoming season, and it lost billions of hryvnias because of last year’s disruptions caused by Russian attacks, according to CEO Maxim Timchenko. “We learned our lessons,” Timchenko said.Andrii Horchynskyi, 49. who lives in the village of Maliutianka about 25 kilometers (15 miles) southwest of Kyiv, has invested over $30,000 in recent years to ensure his house is self-sufficient, and ramped up those efforts since Russia's invasion. Last year, he spent $12,000 to install solar panels to help power his spacious house, where other members of his extended family came to stay for the winter — eight of them surviving comfortably.“We had a whole ant heap here,” Horchynskyi recalled.He is convinced the Russians will try to damage Ukraine’s infrastructure for gas, which he thinks will become expensive or even unavailable. So, he has installed a boiler that burns pine pellets. He also stores one and half cubic meters of water in his backyard.“They will bombard even more this winter than the last,” Horchynskyi said.___Dmytro Zhyhinas contributed to this report.___Follow AP’s coverage of the war in Ukraine: https://apnews.com/hub/russia-ukraine。

B |     新加坡政府计划在2025年的财政预算中大幅增加对老年人的支持力度，同时采取措施帮助大家庭降低生活成本。这一系列政策显示了政府对应对人口老龄化和经济压力的高度关注。黄循财总理近日表示，这些措施将不仅限于增加财政投入，还包括从政策设计上更全面、系统地照顾老年人的需求，并减轻生活成本上升给家庭带来的负担。黄循财总理在国庆群众大会（NDR）上宣布针对父母身份、教育和求职者的新政。几天后，他在新闻发布会上表示：关爱老年人和解决大家庭的生活成本问题仍然是新加坡政府关注的重点领域。图源：JONATHAN YEAP，ZB根据规划，2025年的预算将会着重解决老龄化问题带来的诸多挑战。据统计，新加坡的老龄化速度正在加快，65岁及以上的老年人口比例在逐年上升，这不仅对社会保障体系形成压力，也对家庭经济产生深远影响。为此，政府计划在未来的预算中，增加对老年人的直接财政支持，同时通过多种途径为他们提供更多的社会服务和保障。首先，政府将提高老年人的基本生活津贴，确保他们能够在面对日益上涨的物价时仍能维持基本的生活质量。根据以往的数据，新加坡的生活成本在过去几年中持续攀升，特别是食品、医疗和住房等与老年人生活密切相关的领域。为此，政府将通过增加津贴金额和扩展受惠人群范围，直接缓解老年人面对的经济压力。总理周五（8月23日）对新加坡媒体表示“这是一个大问题，而且随着老年人口的不断增加，这个问题还会越来越严重。”其次，政府还计划在医疗保健方面提供更全面的支持。

C | 老年人口的增加意味着医疗需求的增长，为此，政府将加强公共医疗系统的投入，确保老年人能够获得及时、优质的医疗服务。同时，政府还将推出更多的预防性健康计划，帮助老年人提前应对健康风险，降低医疗成本。此外，政府还计划加强对长期护理服务的支持，确保那些需要长期护理的老年人能够获得经济上的帮助。另一方面的举措是政府还将重点解决大家庭面临的生活成本问题。

D | 大家庭，尤其是三代同堂的家庭面临着多重压力：不仅要照顾年幼的孩子，还要赡养年迈的父母。为此，政府将在预算中增加对这些家庭的支持，包括提供更多的住房补贴、增加儿童保育津贴以及扩大教育资助范围。这些措施将有助于减轻大家庭的经济负担，让家庭成员能够更好地平衡工作与家庭责任。在住房方面，政府将进一步增加可负担住房的供应，特别是针对多代同堂家庭的住房需求。

E | 政府计划通过增加建屋发展局（HDB）的建屋计划，为这些家庭提供更多的购房选择，并通过放宽购房补贴的申请条件，使更多的家庭能够负担得起适合他们需要的住房。此外，政府还将研究如何在现有的住房设计中，更好地融入多代同堂家庭的生活需求，使他们在日常生活中能够更加方便地照顾家中的老年人。

F | 黄循财还强调，政府将继续关注经济不平等问题，确保社会各阶层都能够从预算中受益。他指出，尽管新加坡经济在全球范围内保持了相对的稳定，但经济不平等问题依然存在，特别是在低收入家庭和老年人群体中。因此，政府将进一步加强社会保障网，通过增加税收的累进性来确保高收入者为社会贡献更多，并将所得税收入用于支持低收入家庭和老年人。这些措施将有助于缩小社会经济差距，增强社会凝聚力。除了直接的财政和政策支持，政府还计划通过推动社区服务的发展，进一步帮助老年人融入社会。政府将加强社区医疗中心的建设，并鼓励志愿者服务的发展，为老年人提供更加便捷和人性化的服务。这不仅有助于老年人保持身体健康，还有助于他们在心理上感受到社会的关怀与支持。这些举措，既是为了应对当前的挑战，也是为未来做准备。随着人口老龄化的加剧，未来新加坡将面临更多的社会和经济挑战。因此，政府必须提前布局，通过制度上的改革和政策上的创新，确保社会的可持续发展。

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Published on:20:01:05